duminică, 5 aprilie 2020

Cum l-a chemat Apostolul Petru pe Domnul Isus, așa cum este consemnat în 2 Petru 1: 1?


How did Apostle Peter call Lord Jesus, as recorded in 2 Peter 1:1?
Origenes of Alexandria (2nd-3rd centuries) describes the deplorable situation of Christian writers, scribes of the 3rd century:
"It is a fact revealed today that there is a great diversity among the manuscripts, either because of the carelessness of the scribes, or because of the outrageous audacity of the people who straighten the writing, or even because there are some who multiply or push it at their will, arranging corrections with from their power "
As a result of this condition, in the early manuscripts we have two important versions of the text in 2 Peter 1: 1, where some manuscripts describe the Lord Jesus as "God and Savior" and others as "Lord and Savior":
- "Our God (Theou) (hēmōn) and (kai) Savior" (Sōtēros) "
- "Our Lord (Kyriou) (hēmōn) and (kai) Savior" (Sōtēros) "
Which manuscripts contain the original formulation of the apostle Peter? 
Let us remember that the apostle Peter participated with Jesus in his last Passover dinner, which was concluded with an impressive prayer, of which John 17: 1-3 only reproduces here, because it is the most obvious part of the subject:
1. After he had thus spoken, Jesus lifted up his eyes to heaven, and said, "Father, the hour is come, glorify thy Son, that thy Son may glorify thee;
2. as thou hast given him power over every creature, to give eternal life to all those whom thou hast given him.
3. And eternal life is this: that they may know thee, the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom thou hast sent.
And now an important question: could the Lord Jesus be called "God" if this unique office had already been occupied by his Father?
The current translations render this verse thus, without mentioning to the readers, that it would be an important alternative:
"Simon Peter, servant and apostle of Jesus Christ, to those who have received a faith just as precious as ours, through the righteousness of God and our Savior Jesus Christ:"
In some ancient codex (ms), as well as in some quotes of some important ancient Christian authors, this verse appears as follows:
"Simon Peter, servant and apostle of Jesus Christ, to those who have received a faith just as precious as ours, through the justice of our (Kyriou) Lord (hēmōn) and (kai) Savior (Sōtēros) Jesus Christ:"
The codes with this rendering are:
- the Sahidic Coptic manuscript from the end of the second century, with the cop sa logo
- the Greek manuscript Codex Sinaiticus from the first part of the fourth century, with the logo of (א)
- the Latin manuscript Vulgata from the 4th century, with the logo vg mss
- the 6th century Aramaic (Philoxenian Syriac) manuscript, with the syr ph logo
 
Four countries and four languages where the good news (the gospel) entered the fastest: Egypt, Greece, Italy and Syria. This fact shows that, unfortunately, at certain times some verses in the Bible have been "doctrinally stylized", by the Patripassian scribes.
Some argue that in the phrase "Theou hēmōn kai Sōtēros" the apostle Peter actually refers to two persons, first to the Father (Theou hēmōn) and then to the Son (kai Sōtēros). But the apostle Peter often uses the phrase "Kyriou hēmōn kai Sōtēros" with reference to the Lord Jesus. Why not use it in 2 Peter 1:1? The Father and his Son, taken together, refers only to verse 2.
To compare with:

"Indeed, in this image you will be given ample entrance into the eternal kingdom of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ." (2 Peter 1:11)
The topic (word order in the sentence) is "Kyriou hēmōn kai Sōtēros" and not "Kyriou kai Sōtēros hēmōn". Why I don't see two person here?
"Indeed, if, after they have escaped the rewards of the world, through the knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, they become entangled again and are overcome by them, their latter condition becomes worse than the first." (2 Peter 2:20)
The topic (word order in the sentence) is "Kyriou hēmōn kai Sōtēros" and not "Kyriou kai Sōtēros hēmōn". Why I don't see two person here?
 
"that I may remind you of the things spoken before by the holy prophets, and of the commandment of our Lord and Savior, given through your apostles." (2Peter 3:2)
The topic (word order in the sentence) is "Kyriou kai Sōtēros" (without hēmōn) and not "Kyriou kai Sōtēros hēmōn". Why I don't see two person here?
 
"but grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. Let Him be glory, now and in the day of eternity. Amen." (2 Peter 3:18)
The topic (word order in the sentence) is "Kyriou hēmōn kai Sōtēros" and not "Kyriou kai Sōtēros hēmōn". Why I don't  see two person here?
So they contradict themselves by including two person in the phrase "Theou hēmōn kai Sōtēros". It's no wonder why all the important English translations (YLV, ESV, NIV, NAS, etc.) render "our God and Savior" and not "our God and the Savior". They do not play this because they do not have support. Rather than trying the textual impossible, we must admit that here we are dealing with a corruption of the text, as the nine textual witnesses tell us. According to God's law, two or three witnesses are enough. But we have more than three.
List of manuscripts containing the variant "Lord and Savior" in 2 Peter 1:1 (nine textual "witnesses"): a (א) Ψ 398 442 621 l596 syr ph vg mss cop sa


Niciun comentariu:

Trimiteți un comentariu